John Maynard Keynes

John Maynard Keynes John Maynard Keynes was a British economist whose General Theory of Employment, Interest and Money (1936) revolutionized macroeconomics by arguing that aggregate demand — not market self-correction — drives output and employment, and that government fiscal intervention is essential during recessions. His ideas shaped the post-war Bretton Woods international monetary system and provided the intellectual basis for activist fiscal policy across the 20th century. Keynesian economics remains a central framework in macroeconomic policy debates.