# Cleopatra

Cleopatra VII Philopator was the last active ruler of the Ptolemaic Kingdom of Egypt, renowned for her intelligence, charisma, and her romantic and political alliances with Julius Caesar and Mark Antony. A polyglot who spoke nine languages, she was an astute political strategist who sought to preserve Egyptian independence against the growing power of Rome. Following the defeat of Antony and Cleopatra by Octavian, she died by suicide in 30 BC at age 39, ending the Ptolemaic dynasty.

## Quick Facts

- **Born:** January 13, 69
- **Birthplace:** Alexandria, Egypt
- **Nationality:** Egyptian
- **Occupation:** sovereign
- **Category:** Power & Politics
- **Also Known As:** The Queen of Kings, The Last Pharaoh

## Overview

Cleopatra VII Thea Philopator was Queen of the Ptolemaic Kingdom from 51 to 30 BC and the last active pharaoh of ancient Egypt. A member of the Ptolemaic dynasty, she was a descendant of its founder Ptolemy I Soter, a Macedonian Greek general and companion of Alexander the Great. Her first language was Koine Greek, and she is the only Ptolemaic ruler known to have learned the Egyptian language, among several others. After her death, Egypt became a province of the Roman Empire, marking the end of the Hellenistic period in the Mediterranean, which had begun during the reign of Alexander.

## Wikipedia Context

This profile section is complemented from Wikipedia for Cleopatra. Pharaoh of Egypt from 51 to 30 BC

## Sources

Primary source page: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cleopatra

## Timeline

### 69 — Birth
Birth of Cleopatra.

### 2026 — Wikipedia Complement
Profile metadata and editorial blocks were complemented using Wikipedia and Wikidata references.

### 2026 — Profile Update
Structured profile components were updated to improve completeness.

## Quotes

> "Profile note: Cleopatra was complemented using Wikipedia reference material."
> — Cleopatra, Peoplebio editorial note (2026)

> "Editorial note: This block stores profile notes and source context, not attributed quotations."
> — Cleopatra, Peoplebio editorial note (2026)

> "Source note: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cleopatra"
> — Cleopatra, Peoplebio editorial note (2026)

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Source: https://peoplebio.info/p/cleopatra